Protecting Trees and Shrubs from Harsh Colorado Winters

Understanding Colorado’s Winter Challenges

Northern Colorado’s winters bring intense conditions that can take a toll on your trees and shrubs. Between dry winds, fluctuating temperatures, and heavy snow loads, your plants need extra protection to survive until spring. Even when they appear dormant, trees and shrubs are still actively maintaining root systems and moisture balance beneath the surface.

By preparing your landscape for the cold season, you can reduce stress, prevent damage, and set the stage for healthy spring growth. Belmire Premier Landscape Solutions helps homeowners and property managers across Loveland, Fort Collins, and Windsor create custom winter care strategies that protect every plant through the toughest weather.

1. Insulate Roots and Soil with Mulch

Roots are the foundation of every tree and shrub, and they’re the first to suffer when soil freezes or loses moisture. Applying mulch in late fall helps stabilize soil temperature and retain essential hydration throughout the winter months.

Best practices for winter mulching include:
• Apply a 2–4 inch layer of organic mulch such as shredded bark, pine needles, or wood chips.
• Keep mulch two inches away from the trunk to prevent rot and pest issues.
• Focus on newly planted trees and shrubs, which have shallow, vulnerable roots.
• Replenish mulch before the first hard freeze, typically in November.

Mulch not only protects roots but also enhances the look of your landscape beds, adding a finished, well-kept appearance even during the dormant season.

2. Water When the Weather Allows

Despite snow, Colorado winters are surprisingly dry. Without regular watering, trees and shrubs can dehydrate—especially evergreens, which lose moisture through their needles year-round.

To maintain hydration:
• Water every three to four weeks when temperatures are above 40°F and the soil isn’t frozen.
• Use a deep-root watering wand to deliver moisture 8–12 inches below the surface.
• Prioritize evergreens, young trees, and recently transplanted shrubs.
• Water in the late morning or early afternoon to allow absorption before evening freeze.

Consistent winter watering is one of the most overlooked but impactful ways to ensure strong, healthy plants come spring.

3. Wrap Trunks to Prevent Sunscald

Colorado’s bright winter sun can warm one side of a tree’s trunk during the day, only for freezing temperatures at night to cause rapid contraction. This stress results in bark cracking or peeling, known as sunscald.

To prevent it:
• Wrap thin-barked or young trees, such as maples, aspens, and fruit trees, with breathable tree wrap or paper.
• Start at the base of the trunk and wrap up to the lowest branches.
• Apply wraps in late fall and remove them in early spring to prevent moisture buildup and pests.

This simple step helps your trees maintain healthy bark and strong structure, especially during the first few years after planting.

4. Protect Evergreens from Winter Burn

Evergreen trees and shrubs, such as pines, junipers, and spruces, are susceptible to “winter burn.” This occurs when cold winds and dry air pull moisture from needles while frozen soil prevents roots from replenishing it.

You can minimize this damage by:
• Applying anti-desiccant sprays to reduce moisture loss through needles.
• Watering deeply before the ground freezes to saturate root zones.
• Using burlap screens or snow fencing to shield evergreens from wind exposure.
• Mulching around the dripline to lock in soil moisture.

Belmire’s team often recommends scheduling winter watering and protective sprays for evergreens in late fall for maximum effectiveness.

5. Prune for Structure and Snow Load

Winter storms can easily snap weak branches, especially when trees haven’t been properly pruned. Structural pruning strengthens trees and reduces hazards during snow and ice buildup.

Key pruning steps:
• Prune in mid to late winter while trees are dormant.
• Remove dead, crossing, or diseased limbs that could fail under weight.
• Avoid over-pruning; leave enough canopy to protect bark from direct sunlight.
• Always use clean, sharp tools to promote smooth healing cuts.

Proper pruning not only improves safety but also encourages healthy, vigorous spring growth.

6. Protect Shrubs from Wind and Snow Damage

Shrubs planted near driveways, sidewalks, or open spaces can suffer from plowing, snow drift, and desiccating winds. Protective barriers andgentle snow management can prevent breakage and deformity.

To protect shrubs:
• Wrap sensitive varieties with breathable burlap or frost cloth.
• Use stakes and twine to tie branches loosely together for support.
• Install temporary snow fences to redirect wind and drifting snow.
• Gently brush snow off shrubs instead of shaking branches, which can cause cracking.

These small preventative steps go a long way in preserving shape and health throughout the winter.

7. Inspect for Damage and Plan Ahead

Winter is also a great time to assess tree health and plan for upcoming maintenance. Look for:
• Cracks or splits in bark from sunscald or frost.
• Broken branches caused by heavy snow.
• Pest damage, such as burrowing or bark gnawing.
• Soil erosion or exposed roots that may need additional protection.

By catching issues early, you can schedule professional evaluations and treatments before spring growth begins.

Keep Colorado’s Beauty Rooted in Your Yard

Protecting your trees and shrubs during winter ensures a thriving, resilient landscape year-round. Simple measures like mulching, watering, pruning, and wrapping go a long way toward maintaining the beauty and health of your property.

Belmire Premier Landscape Solutions provides expert seasonal care programs tailored to Colorado’s unique environment. From preventive pruning and irrigation management to custom mulching and winter protection, our team ensures your outdoor space remains healthy and beautiful through every season.

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